Growing Up As A Negro In The South In The Early 1900s Is Not That Eas

Growing up as a Negro in the South in the early 1900's is not that easy, for some people tend to suffer different forms of oppression. In this case, it happens in the autobiography called Black Boy written by Richard Wright. The novel is set in the early part of the 1900's, somewhere in deep Jim Crow South. Richard Wright, who is obviously the main character, is also the protagonist. The antagonist is no one person in particular, for it takes many different forms called oppression in general. The main character over comes this oppression by rebelling against the common roles of the black, Jim Crow society. Richard Wright's character was affected in early childhood by the effects of societal oppression, but he became a great American author despite these negative factors in his life. Today everyone encounters some form of oppression. One of the forms Richard is encountering is called societal oppression. As an example, after Richard sees a black boy whipped by a white man, he asks his mother why did the incident happen. His mother says, ?The white man did not whip the black boy...He beat the black boy, ' (31). This quote is showing racism, which is one way of society keeping Richard Wright, and all other blacks in the South down. Another example is when is at the rail road station with his mother, and as they are waiting for the train, he sees something he has never seen, ...for the first time I noticed that there were two lines of people at the ticket window, a white line and a black line, (55). This excerpt is demonstrating how this scene of Jim Crow laws is keeping a certain group of people apart, which is also another form of societal oppression. Societal oppression occurs again when Richard is hanging out with his friends, and their conversation with each other leads on to the subject of war. One of his friends really get into the subject and says, ?Yeah, they send you to war, make you lick them Germans, teach you how to fight and when you come back they scared of you,' (90). This quote means that the white people put the black people on the front line to defend our count ry, and when they come back, they can not accept them, therefore they oppress them in different ways, which is societal oppression. The last example happens when Richard wants to borrow a library card, and so he thinks about asking his boss. After thinking about it for a while, he knew he could not ask him, for he knows the boss is a Caucasian Baptist, and Richard thinks that he would not be able to accept the fact of a black boy, such as Richard, would want to read and cultivate his intelligence. This would be considered societal oppression, for he knows his boss does not want Richard to be enlightened with books, in turn keeping Richard away from the light of knowledge. These are examples of societal oppression that Richard Wright overcomes and rises to the top on his own. Internalized oppression is a hard thing to overcome. One of the ways Richard Wright is confronted with internalized oppression is when he sees a black boy being beaten by a white man, so he automatically thinks that the white man is the boys father. ...Did not all fathers, like my father, have the right to beat their children? A paternal right was the only right, to my understanding... (31). This excerpt is showing internalized oppression, for he thinks it is okay for a parent to abuse their child, in turn having the child think that beating a child is okay, and only a parent can do the beating, which is completely wrong. Another case of internalized oppression occurs when Richard says a bad word, and then his Aunt Jody lectures him by saying, ?Richard, you are a very bad, bad boy,' (108). Later in the passage, he also says that he does not care that he is a bad boy. That states that Richard believes that he is a bad person, which means he is experiencing internalized oppression. Lat er in the novel, after Richard read some books,

MGMT302Chapter 13 Essay

MGMT302Chapter 13 Essay MGMT302Chapter 13 Essay 13 CHAPTER 13 MRP and ERP McGraw-Hill/Irwin Operations Management, Eighth Edition, by William J. Stevenson Copyright  © 2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights MRP ï  ® Material requirements planning (MRP): Computer-based information system that translates master schedule requirements for end items into time-phased requirements for subassemblies, components, and raw materials. Independent and Independent Demand Dependent Demand Dependent Demand A C(2) B(4) D(2) E(1) D(3) F(2) Independent demand is uncertain. Dependent demand is certain. Dependant Demand ï  ® Dependent demand: Demand for items that are subassemblies or component parts to be used in production of finished goods. ï  ® Once the independent demand is known, the dependent demand can be determined. MRP Inputs MRP Processing MRP Outputs Changes Order releases Master schedule Planned-order schedules Primary reports Bill of materials Inventory records MRP computer programs Secondary reports Exception reports Planning reports Performancecontrol reports Inventory transaction MPR Inputs ï  ® ï  ® ï  ® Master Production Schedule Time-phased plan specifying timing and quantity of production for each end item. Material Requirement Planning Process c u d o Pr e e r T t u r t S e r u ct a e L i T d s e m Master Schedule Master schedule: One of three primary inputs in MRP; states which end items are to be produced, when these are needed, and in what quantities. Cumulative lead time: The sum of the lead times that sequential phases of a process require, from ordering of parts or raw materials to completion of final assembly. Planning Horizon Assembly Subassembly Fabrication Procurement 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Bill-of-Materials Bill of materials (BOM): One of the three primary inputs of MRP; a listing of all of the raw materials, parts, subassemblies, and assemblies needed to produce one unit of a product. Product structure tree: Visual depiction of the requirements in a bill of materials, where all components are listed by levels. Product Structure Tree Level 0 1 Chair Leg Assembly 2 Legs (2) 3 Cross bar Seat Back Assembly Side Cross Back Rails (2) bar Supports (3) Inventory Records ï  ® ï  ® One of the three primary inputs in MRP Includes information on the status of each item by time period ï  ® ï  ® ï  ® ï  ® ï  ® ï  ® Gross requirements Scheduled receipts Amount on hand Lead times Lot sizes And more †¦ Assembly Time Chart Procurement of raw material D Fabrication of part E Subassembly A Procurement of raw material F Procurement of part C Final assembly and inspection Procurement of part H Fabrication of part G Procurement of raw material I 1 2 3 Subassembly B 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 MRP Processing ï  ® Gross requirements ï  ® Schedule receipts ï  ® Projected on hand ï  ® Net requirements ï  ® Planned-order receipts ï  ® Planned-order releases MPR Processing ï  ® Gross requirements ï  ® ï  ® Scheduled receipts ï  ® ï  ® Total expected demand Open orders scheduled to arrive Planned on hand ï  ® Expected inventory on hand at the beginning of each time period MPR Processing ï  ® Net requirements ï  ® ï  ® ï  ® Actual amount needed in each time period Planned-order receipts ï  ® Quantity expected to received at the beginning of the period ï  ® Offset by lead time Planned-order releases ï  ® Planned amount to order in each time period Updating the System ï  ® Regenerative system ï  ® ï  ® Updates MRP records periodically Net-change system ï  ® Updates MPR records continuously MRP Outputs ï  ® Planned orders - schedule indicating the amount and timing of future orders. ï  ® Order releases - Authorization for the execution of planned orders. ï  ® Changes - revisions of due dates or order quantities, or cancellations of orders. MRP Secondary Reports ï  ® Performance-control reports ï  ® Planning reports ï  ®

Teaching People About Other Cultures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Teaching People About Other Cultures - Essay Example This essay declares that teachers lack the cultural understanding of the immigrant students and hence fail to understand them in the classrooms. Furthermore, this children also face hardships whenever they are trying to become adopted in the learning system. This is majorly due to social mobility and financial constrains as most of them are undocumented students. Teachers on the other hand can face difficulties while trying to deal with a class of immigrant children. The children have a wide range of needs ranging from unique emotional needs to community conflicts. The best solution for such teachers is to utilize such immigrant students in the classrooms since they have much to offer in the learning community. This students push learning institutions to adopt innovative teaching and interacting strategies such as diverse communication skills. This paper makes a conclusion that it is essential for most learning institutions to integrate various teaching models such as the cultural straddle model so as to assist students and teachers with problems in adopting cultural diversification. With this model, learning institutions will be able to equip teachers with the required ability to relate to the students and share a diversified ground. Cultural competency is advantageous to all institutions as it fosters interactions and team effort regardless of individual’s background. The cultural and racial competence is an important skill for teachers to adopt as it enhances teaching skills and thinking.

The Dangers of Cyber-Terrorism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Dangers of Cyber-Terrorism - Research Paper Example The face of international terrorism is beginning to change at a quick speed. Even though the motives keep on being the identical, United States is now confronted with cutting edge and unusual tools. The intelligence strategies, safety strategies, and devices which are designed to shield us, now are immobilized against this latest disastrous tactic, known as cyber terrorism. Moreover, the ways of counter terrorism that the world depends on have become fairly outdated since this opponent is not going to strike people with explosives, however, this enemy strikes with computer viruses and aims to interrupt our computer units which people have grown to be so reliant on. (Collin, 1997) Cyber strikes, system safety and data present complicated troubles that hit into new places for nationwide safety and public plan. This paper examines one list of concerns – those associated with cyber-terrorism and cyber offenses on crucial system and their ramifications for countrywide safety. Cyber-terrorism is â€Å"the consumption of computer system resources to turn off crucial national infrastructures (for example power, transport, federal government procedures) or even force or torment a government or civilian populace.† The idea of cyber terrorism tends to be that as countries and vital infrastructure grew to become more influenced by computer systems for their functioning, innovative vulnerabilities are built – â€Å"a substantial computerized Achilles heel.†

Do women 'choose' to wear make up Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Do women 'choose' to wear make up - Essay Example Though makeup has been in production since 3500 B.C., it became a female necessity in the early 20th century (Peril, 2002). Makeup was created for the sole purpose for women to hide any flaws and blemishes that others, mainly men, did not wish to see on them. In essence, makeup was designed to make women look more desirable to the eye. Due to makeup, a woman was hardly ever seen for who and what she really was; this seemed to be how men liked it. Oddly enough, most makeup was advertised as enabling women to feel better about themselves, though all it did was give the majority of women a complex of self-consciousness, and the only people it seemed to positively affect was males. Makeup was the subtle way of telling a woman that she was not pretty enough, and that she could look better than she originally does. From a young age, women were taught this and they were convinced that makeup would not only make them feel better, but that it would also make them look better. When it came to being a female, looking your best was always, for some reason, what mattered the most above all other characteristics. Because of how young they are when they are influenced by makeup, when it comes to whether or not women have the choice to wear makeup, it can be said that many of them do not. Even as children, girls would watch their moms spend time everyday in front of the mirror - and often more than one time a day - applying makeup, trying to look her best. Some of these little girls were given toy makeup kits to play with; whether these were meant for fun or for early makeup applying practice, it cannot be said (Peril, 2006). Even if they were meant for pretend play, girls were still subjected and influenced by makeup from that young age, during those young years when they should have been more concerned with having a childhood. As they get older, they are subjected to other types of makeup; once they have all of the various types on their

System Analysis Cinema Booking Information Technology Essay

System Analysis Cinema Booking Information Technology Essay Waterfall Life Cycle: Waterfall life cycle is the most familiar and classic life cycle model. It is sometimes referred to as the classic life cycle or the linear sequential model. It the simplest type of life cycle and very easy to use and understand. In the waterfall life cycle, each phase needs to be completed before the next phase can start. Each phase is separate and does theres no overlapping. Requirements Analysis System Design Implementation Unit Testing Integration System Testing Operation Maintenance Phases: Requirement Analysis: Requirements are collected from end-user consultations and then analyzed. A requirement Specification Document is created which guides the next phases of the model. System Design: System design is prepared by studying the requirements specification from the 1st phase. The hardware requirements are specified in this stage and a picture of the overall system architecture is produced. Implementation Unit Testing: In this phase, the work is divided in small units; actual coding starts. Testing makes sure that the software successfully meets the required specification; and that any errors are identified. Integration System Testing: All units are integrated and tested to ensure that the system meets the requirements. At the end of this stage, the software is delivered to the customer. Operation Maintenance: This is the longest phase in the model. The software is updated in this phase to correct any errors, make the software more efficient and to meet the changing needs of the customers. Advantages: It is a linear sequential model Very easy simple to implement; therefore well suited for small projects It is also cheaper Minimal amount of resources are required to implement this model Testing is done after each phase to ensure the project is on the right path Easily manageable because model is rigid; each phase has certain deliverables a review process after a phase is over, which makes understanding of the designing procedure simpler. Disadvantages: High risk uncertainty. Not suited for long projects where the requirements may change. The working software is only produced late during the life cycle. It is difficult to estimate the cost and time for each stage. No back tracking possible; if an error occurred in the earlier stages of the cycle, it cant be corrected for that batch. V-Shaped Model: The V-Shaped Model is very similar to the Waterfall model life cycle, but testing is done upfront instead of later in the life cycle like in Waterfall model. Like Waterfall model, V-Shaped Model is also a sequential cycle and a new phase is only started after the completion of the previous phase. Each development stage is matched with its respective testing stage; Requirements Æ’Â   System Testing, High-Level Design Æ’Â   Integration Testing, Low-Level Design Æ’Â   Unit Testing. V-Shaped model is very useful for systems which require high reliability. System Testing Requirements Integration Testing High-Level Design Low-Level Design Unit Testing Implementation Phases: Requirements: Commences the life cycle; system test plan is created. High-Level Design: Focuses on design system architecture; integration tests are created. Low-Level Design: Software components are designed unit tests are created. Implementation: Coding takes place in this phase. Advantages: Its easy to use; but not as easy as the waterfall model. More chance of success than the waterfall model due to the early testings. Project moves quickly to the implementation stage. Useful for small projects; considering the requirements are easily understood known upfront. Disadvantages: Bugs in the final stage are very costly to fix. Total development time of v-shaped model is more than the waterfall model. Does not contain any risk analysis activities Throwaway Prototyping model: Very useful in situations the users needs and requirements are not clear. The main objective of this model is to validate or drive the system requirements. This model is developed to reduce the requirement risks. This prototype is developed and then delivered to the user for experiments and then it is discarded, hence throw away prototype; and it should not be considered as a final system. Advantages: Requirement risks are fewer If delivered model does not meet the users needs, then it can be discarded and new models can be developed. Disadvantages: Can be undocumented Developers may be push to deliver the throw away prototype as the final system, which is not recommended. System structure may be degraded due to the changes made during the software development process. Evolutionary Prototyping model: In evolutionary prototyping, the initial prototype is developed and it is then refined through number of stages to final stage. The main objective is to deliver the working system to the user. Verification is not possible because there is no specification. Requirement gathering, Refinement Quick Design Building Prototype Refine Requirement End-User Evaluation End Product Refine Prototype Advantages: System development involves the user Working system is delivered fast A more useful system can be delivered Disdvantages: Time required to complete project is unknown. May have problems; Management, Maintenance and Verification problems. Incremental model: The incremental model is similar to the Waterfall life cycle model, but there are multiple development cycles here, which makes it a multi-waterfall cycle. It has an iterative approach (repeating), and each iteration passes through each of the phases. A working version of software can be produced during the first iteration, which means a functioning software is available early in the cycle. 1st Increment Analysis Test Code Design 1st Increment delivery 2nd Increment 2nd Increment delivery Analysis Test Code Design nth Increment Test Code Design Analysis nth Increment delivery Time Advantages: Working Software can be developed quickly early during the life cycle. Its less costly to change requirements therefore; Flexible. Easier to test and fix errors End-users get to see working software early in the software development life cycle. Disadvantages: The total development cost is higher Well defined project planning is required to distribute the work properly. Spiral Model: Also known as Spiral lifecycle model. This model combines the features of the waterfall model and the prototyping model. The Spiral Model is most commonly used in large, complicated and expensive projects; and constant review is needed to stay on target. The main area in which Spiral model is used is Game development due to the constantly changing goals size of the large project. Cumulative Cost Progress 1. Determine Objectives, Alternatives, Constraints 2. Evaluate alternatives. Identify, and resolve risks. Review 3. Development Tests 4. Plan next Phases Advantages: Important issues can be discovered earlier, which makes estimation of budget schedule more realistic reliable. Good amount of risk analysis Really good for large projects Software can be conceived early in the life cycle. Flexible allows for multiple iterations. Disadvantages: Not suitable for smaller projects Success of the project depends on the risk analysis Costly Requires knowledgeable staff; for risk analysis. 2. Identification of the Functions and Purpose of a Systems Life Cycle. The systems life cycle is a series of well-defined phases in the development of systems. It is very important that a project should meet the required specification, should be within budget and delivered on time. Large system developments can take a long time to be developed and can be very costly too; therefore most organisations use the systems life cycle (stages) to develop systems because it saves time isnt as costly. Programming Maintenance Installation Design Feasibility Study Analysis 1. Feasibility study Different solutions are examined in this stage. First step of this stage is to discover the funds available and then compare with the benefits of the company, in view of their requirements because sometimes in order to arrive at final decision a trade-off (give and take) has to be accepted e.g. less functionality for less cash. There are three different options that a company could choose: Options Benefit Cost Performance Company does not change anything No interference to the business. Least cost System remains outdated. Less efficient N/A Company updates half of the system Least efficient parts are redesigned to improve performance while best parts of the system are not changed Moderate, light training for staff 40% improved Complete upgrade More profitable High, New equipments, Upgraded Software, Training for staff. 80% improved (over the old system) 2. Investigation and Analysis Investigation First step of this stage is to investigate the old system and problem it is causing. There are different ways to find out the problems: Questionnaires and Interviews Observing people using the old system Following the information from the point it enters the system till the point of output. Taking the cause of the problem These steps should lead toward the true cause of the problem Analysis The next part is to analyze how the existing system works how information is handled and how people interact with it. To Analyze, different methods are used e.g. System diagrams This shows the dealings between different systems in the company or outside. System diagram shows how they interact and what depends on what and so on. Data Flow Diagram This shows the movement through the system, how the system deals with the information, how information flows through the system, how dose it connect and disconnect and what the outputs are. Process Diagram This shows how people interact with the system for example an employee makes a claim, first it will go to manager who will counter-sign the claim it will then go to account manager who authorizes payment and so on. 3. Design This stage defines the system in greater detail and the best way to start this stage is to write down exact details of the new system e.g. The data Inputs The data Outputs Screen Layouts Documents that are printed out Procedure of the data that flows through the system The structure of any files that store data How information is accessed And so on The testing procedure comes after the system has been built. In my opinion it is really useful to build a test procedure before starting to build a system because, if you know how the system will be tested, it will lead you towards a better design. Prototype Prototype is something that allows you to build a program without having to worry about the details, it is to confirm that design is likely to work. The master document created in this stage is called System Requirement Document. 4. Programming This stage takes the design forward and put it into practice and this stage take place when the client has agree on what needs to be done (Requirement Specification) and the Analyst has clearly described what needs to be done(System Requirement Document). There are several terms involved in this stage so it is reasonable to break down the System Requirement Document into sections that each can develop. At this stage following things may take place: The software developers write code The hardware people develop equipment The testing team develops test plans The user-testing groups follow the test plans and check the system works as expected 5. Installation Now the system is developed and tested and it is working correctly and doing what client wanted. The key events in this stage are: Data conversion: Data stored on the old system are now converted into the correct format for the new system. System Change Over: switch off the old system and turn on the new system, which is not as simple as it sound. Alternatives Run the old and new system in parallel for a time Customer does not care what your IT system is made up of, they are only concerned about their order. One method is to run the old system along the new one, then in the quiet time the new system store the old system data and is then fully loaded and ready to go. Training Training is the vital part of this stage, staff training must take place. Staff needs to be shown how to use the new system How to access help when they run into difficulties Member of a development team should be available on call A user manual should be available for staff 6. Maintenance The new system is running smoothly and it will need to be looked after so maintenance stage takes care of the following that can take place: Problems are cleared as they occur Tweaks to the system are applied to improve performance The system has to be moved due to office movement Data is backed up and kept safe Equipment are replace as required Basically this stage never ends until the new system becomes old and is then switch with new system. 3. Undertake a User Needs Analysis (UNA) for your system. SYSTEM USED: CINEMA BOOKING SYSTEM UNA is the first stage in the system development process. UNA in system developing includes task that is demanded by the user for new or different system. Requirements must be actionable, measurable, and testable and must be related to user needs. The best way to undertake UNA in my view is to have a workshop with the users who will use the new system. This will give me one clear idea of what the new system must do. When working on developing the new system Ill have a better idea of what users wants from the new system, keeping every users requirements in mind. So Ill set up a workshop, in which Ill ask users what they want from the new system. I will document their requirements as I go along. Basically Ill ask different questions from the users and then the users themselves will work out what kind of a new system they want. Questions that Ill ask users: What the new system should do? Do you want it to be networked with other computers? How long the information needs to be saved? Should staff login when using the system? Anything needs to be printing? What information needs to be print out? Payment procedure/ types of cards? Discounts: student Inputs, process and outputs Internet booking/ serial number only for internet booking This is how Ill design the system, keeping in view the users requirements. It will be an advanced system which will be quite reliable and it will be easy for the users to use this system. System Requirements: Inputs Serial number only for Internet booking Name Payment Age/ discount Name of the movie Date Process Theater Number Discount reduction Output Movie ticket for customer Information saved in the system This program is supposed to save the information of the customer and print out a movie ticket containing the required information. Print out of the ticket Name Age payment Discount Payment after discount Theater Number Movies name Date System will show this information on the Ticket. 4. Produce a Systems Context Diagram for your system. User/ Staff New system Customer Info given Input filled Data saved Ticket Process Calculate discount if applied and check for seats in theatre Saved in server for 3 days and is access able by any member of staff Checks the Ticket Ticket given Check movie and time Login Administrator Login Update Movie Data Delete Old Data Updates the system This Diagram explains the program I am building for the Cinema. Circles in the diagram mean the first thing is done by Administrator, User/ Staff and the customer. Explanation: Administrator must update the system by inserting new movies and deleting old movies. User/ Staff is the person who can access the system by login in and takes the details (info given) of the customer. User/ Staff then enter the details (input filled) in the system. News System will process the input and process it, calculate discount if applied and check for seats available in theatre. Itll then give two outputs Data Saved and Ticket. Data Saved meaning the data will be saved in a server for three days and is access able by any member for staff but the saved data cannot be changed after the Ticket is printed out. Ticket will be printed out and is going to be checked by the staff. Staff will give the ticket to the customer. 5. Produce a Level 1 Current Physical Data Flow Diagram for your system. D1 User/ Staff/ counter Enquires Deposits and Withdrawals Process customer data Tickets recheck Data store System Cash Customer Customer details/ data Print Ticket Details are checked Ticket handed to the customer Resource Flow Data Flow Outside data Process D2 In this Physical Data flow diagram customer, who is outside data, goes to the counter to purchase a ticket for the movie. Counter/ staff take his query and process it, system then stores the data and process a ticket, which is given to the customer. 6. Produce a Level 1 Required Logical DFD for your system. Admin User/ Staff Customer System Process Data Stored Ticket Updates the System Customer details/ data Ticket Input customer detail/ data Calculates discounts Theatre No. Stores in a server Print out Ticket details are checked by user/ staff Data Flow Source of Data In this Diagram Admin is updating the data for the system and user is taking the detail/ data of the customer and entering it in the system to process a Ticket for customer. 7. Decompose one of the processes to a Level 2 Required Logical Data Flow Diagram for your system. Admin System Process Data Stored Updates the System Adding new movie data Deleting old movie data Stores admin new data Stores customer data Movie is suitable for customer (age) Theatre availability Calculate discounts Store data in server Auto deletes 3 days old customer data Access to old data In this Diagram Admin is updating the data for the system and system is processing customer details against admin updated data and it is then stored in a server for three days. 8. Construct a Logical Data Structure for the system you are producing. Customer Staff/ counter Ticket Enquires Ticket Customer will seek staff on counter for any enquiry or to purchase a movie ticket Provide service to customer Staff will take customer details from customer for a movie ticket To process a Ticket, staff will have to enter customer details in the system for a movie ticket Ticket is handed to the customer after staff checks for any errors 9. With the aid of your Logical Data Structure, produce an Entity/Event Matrix for your database system. Customer Purchasing a ticket for a movie Enquiry Staff/ Counter Staff/ Counter Solve the issue Yes No Job done Admin Enter customer details in the system System process Ticket Data stored Staff (checks it) Customer (takes ticket) Server 10. Describe the Required Physical Data Model. Customer details/ data Admin Admin login Update new movie data Delete old movie data Problem solving Staff Customer service System operator Staff login handle customer details Ticket Cashier Customer Enquires Ticket purchaser Updates the System Input customer detail/ data System Customer internet serial no. Customer name Customer age Payment method Discount Amount paid Name of the movie Theatre number Date Stores admin updated data Access to old data Check for any errors on the ticket Process Movie is suitable for the customer (age) Discount reduction Theatre number Draft ticket Print out Data stored Stored in server Access able Auto delete 3 days old data Ticket Customer name Customer age Payment method Discount Amount paid Movies name Theatre number Date Admin updates the system and solve problems Staff handles the customers and input the customers details in the system System processes the data and check for availabilities Data is stored for 3 days Ticket is issued for customer as a receipt

The Deplorable Willy Loman of Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman :: Death Salesman essays

The Deplorable Willy Loman of Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For those of you that don't know what deplorable means then you need to check out the tragic play "Death of a Salesman", by the American writer, Arthur Miller.   The main character of this story is Willy Loman, who is almost the walking definition of this word. The life of Willy Loman is portrayed as a   tragic existence for these   few reasons;   he was a ghastly role model for his sons,   a inconsiderate and unfaithful husband, he allowed one incident to affect the rest of his life, and finally, he killed himself, when he still had so much to live for.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   First of all, Willy was a dire role model for his two sons Biff and Happy.   He was a loving and giving father, but he always treated Biff better than he did Happy.   Biff was the all-star quarterback and everyone in the city loved and admired him.  Ã‚   Willy was no different, he always put Biff before anyone else in his household, which is something that a father should never do to his family.   Willy's love for his sons was very apparent, however he set in them very low moral values.   For example, Willy told Biff and Happy to run up the street and steal some sand to finish some steps, which tells them that stealing is OK.   This is a trait set in him by his father, which proves to haunt him his entire life.   Willy was also a cheat, whether it was adultery or simple card cheat, his dishonesties certainly rubbed off on his children, and proved to be the downfall in their lives.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On the other hand, Willy affected more than just his sons   life with his deceit.   He greatly altered his own when he was caught in the mist of an affair with a meaningless prostitute, by his beloved son Biff.   This event proved to be the turning point in these two individuals lives. Willy's wife Linda, was a great women who certainly didn't deserve the heartache and disrespect that Willy gave her.   For instance, on many occasions in the story Willy is talking to his sons, and Linda will simply try to state something until Willy orders her to, "shut up.

A Latin Christmas Essay

In Martin Espada’s â€Å"Latin Night at the Pawnshop,† the poet examines the Latin culture during Christmas time in a young, but still growing community of Latino immigrants. The poem proposes that during some time in America, people of Latino descent could not enjoy themselves during the holidays as they would if they were in their own country. Therefore, the theme of the poem is heavily influenced by the demise of Latin culture in America. Espada augments his poem to make the theme clear by using the following elements of poetry: diction and tone, symbols, and imagery. Diction and tone play a critical role in Espada’s poem. In the first line, Espada uses what I think to be the most important word in the whole poem, â€Å"apparition†, to bring about a vision he has of a salsa band through the window of a pawnshop. The word apparition means a ghostlike image. By evaluating this word and its context, the poem itself has created a tone right away. We can say that the mood of this poem is very gloomy and depressing when all one can see is a ghost and nothing else. The poem then continues with descriptive words to describe other aspects. For instance, the word â€Å"gleaming† is introduced. The word gleaming means to shine brightly. By introducing this word, the poet draws emphasis on how important this salsa band is to him during Christmas. However, locked in the shop are â€Å"gleaming† instruments that can’t play no more and Christmas to him is left in utter silence. Moreover, Espada mentions two distinct colors, a â€Å"golden trumpet† (line 4) and a â€Å"silver trombone† (line 5). Both silver and gold help represent the time of Christmas. Almost all Christmas trees use silver and gold ornaments as a decorative feature. Also, the poem ends with another word worth noting, â€Å"morgue†. A morgue is a place where dead bodies are kept. Ironically, during Christmas, we don’t associate death with such a joyful time. However, in this poem, a connotation for the word morgue could include death. Now, putting all these elements together, we can conclude that Espada is revealing a very dark Christmas he had gone through. A Christmas where there was no trumpet blowing, no trombone playing, no congas drumming, no maracas swinging, no tambourines shaking, and that all present was just the thought of it-no real Christmas. Espada also uses symbols to further develop his point. The three major symbols in this poem are indeed the pawnshop, the instruments, and the price tags. First, the essence of the pawnshop itself is important because it tells a story, beyond itself. Sometimes money gets in the way of a person’s happiness. As a result, we pawn the stuff we really cherish for a quick buck. Espada is trying to explain that on top of the struggles Latinos face, they also must sacrifice the things they love. Second, the instruments tell us a great deal about the demise of Latin culture in America. Instead of being played and making great music during the holidays, they sit there unused. Espada in his poem creates an unwanted feeling. Lastly, the price tags that resemble that of a dead man’s toe are equally important. The tickets symbolize the presence of death where there should be life. The Latin culture in the town of Chelsea is completely dead. Latinos have given up on their culture in place where it’s not truly accepted. These elements create the point Espada is trying to express. Imagery is also an important aspect to this poem. The poet creates imagery that attacks several senses and by doing so, it also helps pinpoint the importance of different ideas. Espada writes, â€Å"gleaming in the Liberty loan pawnshop window,† (line 2). As one reads, you can’t help but imagine seeing this bright light coming out through a window and showing you a salsa band. Furthermore, Espada mentions several instruments. With this inclusion, one can imagine hearing the sounds of these lovely instruments playing coherently and in sync together. However, Espada also writes, â€Å"all the price tags dangling like the city morgue ticket on a dead man’s toe,† (lines 7,8,9). This image develops a kind of chilly and nervous feeling about what’s actually going on in the poem. All in all, by putting these sources of imagery together, you notice what the poet is trying convey. Espada is drawing our attention to a salsa band and all of its instruments, but in the end things aren’t always what we want or expect. The Latino culture is nothing more than an illusion, in a land that does not treat its immigrants well. Thus, in â€Å"Latin Night at the Pawnshop,† Espada creates a poem that expresses  his concerns about Latin culture in Massachusetts in the late 1980’s by using different elements of poetry. The power of diction and tone, symbols, and imagery, enrich the central theme the poet wants to make. Espada does a great job converting one simple moment, into a thousand words and ideas.

American Identy in the World essays

American Identy in the World essays Actions speak louder than words. This phrase has proven exceedingly true when one is talking about the image that America portrays to Iraqis. We as Americans can say all that we want about spreading peace and freedom, but Americans in general have no idea what other people on the other side of the world are going through so that Americans can feel safer. Iraqi writers such as Riverbend, Salam Pax, and Fadhil Al-Azzawi point out that even though America says that it is fighting for freedom, there is very little evidence of that from their side of the world. The main theme that comes out of these three writers publications is that America is there for themselves and not for the Iraqi people, and that America is not a giver of freedoms, but rather a taker of freedoms. This is not to say that America has not given Iraq some freedoms, like the freedom to not live in oppression. However it is that taking away of the small freedoms that makes an Iraqi feel free. Everything about and Iraqis daily life is difficult, whether it is worrying about car bombs, abductions, rapes, or whether they will have electricity that day or not. All of these things has made everyday tasks such as sleeping, going to school, watching television, or just listening to music a tremendous task. In Al-Azzawis poem Feast in Candlelight he says, They will drink from the same bottle and watch the evening fall among the trees. Parades of drunken soldiers wave their bloody flags and march down the street(Al-Azzawi 2). This shows the authors image of America as just a bunch of soldiers from a country drunk with power and their victory is paraded by as the righteous killing of Iraqis. As Riverbend says in her blog called Baghdad is Burning, The Iraqi people feel that they are nothing but the new communists from the Cold War era(Riverbend); meaning that they are just something that is m ...

Martha Ballard essays

Martha Ballard essays Life in todays world, the 21st century, has become a fantasy in which people in the past centuries could have never imagined. We are introduced to mans new technology inventions, which make our lives extra comforting, everyday. Yet, its amazing how we grant every little moment. However, life has not always been this effortless. In the story of A Midwifes Tale, we are presented to the living conditions of Martha Ballard, whom is a midwife living in the 18th century, through her dairies. The dairies reflect the suffering and tribulations she went through, while working. At the same time, teach us lessons about her heroic character, her undying devotion for her job, ways of living and lastly her religious beliefs. Martha was no ordinary midwife she preformed 816 deliveries between 1785 and 1812. Shes on call 24 seven and commits all her strength to her job. Since transportation was very limited, getting around from place to place was extremely difficult, especially during wintertime. Though the snow and rain couldnt stop Martha from her what she loved. Her devoted passion for her career can be described in these quotes; Pushing through ice in several places...she walked across, almost reaching shore before breaking through to her waist...dragged herself out, and rode dripping to the delivery. Religion played an essential part in Marthas life. Her fate in god was the only element that she knew was going to save her through the hardship of the usual daily events. In addition, she was even more grateful, here in her eateries of April 24, 1789, after crossing the stream on the way on fleeting Loggs safely she notes, Wonder Full is the Goodness of providence. ...

Human Resources Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Human Resources - Assignment Example This is aimed at ensuring that all the roles work together to drive its business objectives. Tesco has a seven-part framework that describes the major skills and behaviors for each job at every level in the organization. This aids the employees to comprehend whether they have the right skills, knowledge, or resources to carry out their roles We are going to have an insight how Tesco company will utilize workforce planning to ensure that employees work efficiently. This is a systematic assessment of the future needs of the workforce and the determination of actions and strategies that are needed to meet those needs. Moreover, it is a systematic process that is integrated, ongoing, and methodological. It determines the human capital skills, when and where they will be required to meet the objectives of the organization. Discussion Workforce planning, organizational culture and employee efficiency It is very crucial for a company like Tesco to plan ahead thus the need for work force pla nning. This is because the company is rapidly expanding. This is because vacancies arise from the company when it creates new jobs when it changes its processes and technology, if employees leave the company, and when it opens new stores internationally and in the UK. As a result, the company uses strategic workforce planning where the positions are open, funded, and filled. Strategic workforce planning takes into consideration the projected loss of knowledge through exist of employees and the projected knowledge requirements for progressing and sustaining the business. The knowledge requirements may include new skills, technology, new roles, and documentation of key the workforce intelligence or new business demands. Planning is more agile, proactive, not exclusively top-down, less reactive and more driven by the line leadership. Therefore, workforce planning is a method that a business uses to forecast on the number and type of employees they currently need now and also in future. They then match the right type of employees to the requirements of the business. Workforce planning is helpful to many businesses as it helps them to identify trends, anticipation change, and implementing new policies from the human resources. Moreover, it is also an important part of the overall strategic plan of a business and should be centralized to ensure that the whole business can actually be taken into account. Strategic workforce planning helps the business leaders to anticipate the type, quality, and number of talent needed to execute the strategies of the business (Morell, 2011: 56-8). Tesco utilizes a workforce planning table to determine the anticipated demand for new staff. This considers both the non-managerial and managerial positions. The managers use this as a tool for determining where to focus development and also how to leverage the knowledge of the long term workers. For the employees it is an opportunity to contribute ideas and energy for improving the compan ies operations, future career opportunities, and an opportunity to understand the priorities of work and where contribution and skill is required most. The workforce planning process includes planning, implementing, evaluation, and assessment. The steps for workforce analysis include, conducting a workload analysis, assessing the current programs gaps, establishing the future skills gap and the capability requirements,

Drug Development Process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Drug Development Process - Essay Example Each step should follow the guidelines provided by the Food and Drug Administration. Product for development which has been marketed or studied previously will undergo the same steps. According to the February 1993 report by the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment, one company costs $359 million in U.S. To be able to get one new medicine from the laboratory testing to the pharmacist's shelf, the process usually takes 12 years on the average and only 5 in 5,000 will make it to human testing. And only one of the 5 will be approved.(FDAreview.org).. The first step is to analyze the target to be developed. Before developing a drug, you must identify first the state of the disease and the symptoms to which the development of drug will be base to. It is important to identify the target. The key decision if whether the target for therapeutic intervention is one that will have a positive effect on managing the disease in question. There are some companies who want to further develop their product. For example, a drug for diabetes will be developed; the company should specify what would be the added pharmacological action on their drug. This will be the basis for the clinical testing that the new product should undergo. Metabolic pathway is a new approach in addressing and developing enhanced disease, understanding platforms with the potential to design significantly more effective drugs against many human diseases, including cancer. (Schimdt , 2004). There are several factors that controls the level of drug in the individual patients, including environment, patient compliance and genetic differences. . The metabolic pathway will give insight on the possible kinetic problems that may occur by providing which specific enzyme the drug is metabolized. In this step the drug manufacturer will be able to identify the isozymes responsible for the metabolism in humans. Nowadays, there is several computer aided system in testing the metabolic pathways of a drug. 3) Molecular Specificity In this step the molecules to be added in the drug should be specified for further analysis. Added molecules in a drug can alter the potency and efficacy of a drug. To be able to identify the molecules to be added, there are several new technology which can be of help to be able to shorten the period of this test. One molecule can affect the phamacological action of a drug, for example one molecule added to morphine can increase its painkilling effect. 4) Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) The Quantitative Structure - Activity Relationship or QSAR predict and analyze the drug activity. The QSAR represent an attempt to correlate structural or property descriptors of compound with activities. In QSAR the hydrophobicity, topology, electronic properties, and steric effects, are determined empirically, or more recently by computational methods. Activities used in QSAR include chemical measurements and